Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Sustainable Manihot Esculenta Leaf Extract: Phytochemical Screening and Effect of Operational Parameters

Oluwatoyin, Ajanaku Christiana and Dada, Adewumi Oluwasogo and Eneojo, Tokula Blessing and Oluseyi, Ajanaku Kolawole and Oluwaseyi, Oladokun (2025) Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Sustainable Manihot Esculenta Leaf Extract: Phytochemical Screening and Effect of Operational Parameters. NIPES JSTR SPECIAL ISSUE, 7 (1). pp. 2555-2561.

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Abstract

This research investigated the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by means of Manihot esculenta leaf extracts through a bottom-up approach in a single-pot system. Investigations were conducted on the phytochemical analysis and optimization of temperature, volume ratio, concentration, reaction time, and other operational parameters. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy and FTIR analysis. Phytochemical screening of Manihot esculenta plant leaf extract showcased abundance of Saponins, flavonoids and trace number of triterpenes, tannins, alkaloids, and steroids. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of biomolecules functioning as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents. This study highlighted the importance of various operational parameters in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The optimal experimental conditions identified—90-minute reaction time at room temperature, 0.01 M concentration, and a volume ratio of 2:8 (plant extract to Ag⁺ ion solution) produced clear and distinct surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks. UV-Vis was used to monitor the synthesis, and SPR was responsible for the maximum wavelength of 450 nm. The green synthesis approach provides a potentially scalable and sustainable means of producing silver nanoparticles using environmentally bening and sustainable material.

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