Effeet of Whole Allium cepa Linn. on haematological and biochemical components of Clarias gariepinus Juveniles

OGHENOCHUKO, O.M. and ADENUBI, T.O and AJAYI, O.L and Fakilahyel, M.M. and OLUKUNLE, J.O and Rahman, S.A. and EZERI, G.N.O. (2023) Effeet of Whole Allium cepa Linn. on haematological and biochemical components of Clarias gariepinus Juveniles. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 56 (1). pp. 353-362.

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Abstract

Toxicity of onion (Allium cepa) bulb though documented for man and some livestock but few studies in fish. Onion bulb slurry was administered to Clarias gariepinus juveniles at 200,100,25g/kg and 5, 1.5, 0.4g/l through diets and bath. Cellular immune response, humoral changes, liver and kidney function and histopathology of some visceral organs were examined. Proximate composition of the bulb was determined. Onion bulb revealed presence of carbohydrate (7.82%), protein (4.48%), crude fiber (1.68%), iron (0.5mg/l), magnesium (210mg/l), flavonoids (0.46%), saponins (0.28%), tannins (0.95%). PCV, Hb, RBC and WBC were increased in all treatments but values were higher in bath treatment for RBC (3.0×1012/L), PCV (32.7%), Hb (10.7%). MCV, MCH and MCHC showed similar trend. Similar trends as in RBC and WBC were observed in total proteins. Liver and kidney functionality as expressed by ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine and BUN exhibited no damaging effect on organs. Degenerations were observed in the hepatocytes and epithelia cells in the kidney in some treatments especially in bath treatments. In conclusion, onion bulb showed no toxicity in the blood parameters but dose should be considered to avoid harmful effect on liver and kidneys.

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