Antioxidant activity and chemical composition of Clarias gariepinus from nature and captivity

OGHENOCHUKO, O.M. and Kayode, O.T and Oluleye, J. and olajide, O.P. (2022) Antioxidant activity and chemical composition of Clarias gariepinus from nature and captivity. Journal of Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology, 21 (1 & 2). 86 -98. ISSN Print - 2277 - 0593 Online - 2315 - 7461

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Abstract

Gradual shift from eating healthy to unhealthy food is a major contributor to development of noncommunicable diseases . This study compared the antioxidant activity and chemical composition of wild and cultured Clarias gariepinus. A total of 10 fish each were collected from both environments. Nutrient composition, antioxidant activity, fatty acid and heavy metals load of the samples were determined using standard methods. Significant difference was observed in the proximate composition (crude protein (CP), Ether Extract (EE) and Nitrogen free extract in both samples, with higher values of CP (54.98 ± 0.66%) and EE (34.17 ± 0.33%) observed in the wild sample. No significant difference was observed in the values for sodium, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron. However, manganese (350.93 ppm) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the cultured species. Scavenging activity against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was not statistically different (P > 0.05) at 50 mg/ml concentration. Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity was however low in cultured and wild samples (1.27 and 8.12 mg/100 g) respectively. Heavy metals level in both samples were not statistically different (P>0.05). It was concluded that the cultured C. gariepinus compared favourably with the wild species in their mineral composition, antioxidant activity, and heavy metal content as opposed to local belief.

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