An optimization approach to oil extraction from Chrysophyllum albidium oil seeds and its quality characterization

Adepoju, T. F. and Ojediran, J. O. and Okunola, Abiodun A. (2013) An optimization approach to oil extraction from Chrysophyllum albidium oil seeds and its quality characterization. International Journal of Innovative Research and Studies, 2 (10). pp. 56-71. ISSN 2319-9725

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Abstract

This work focused on optimization of oil extraction from Chrysophyllum albidium oilseeds using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), it also to investigate the physicochemical properties and fatty acid profile of the oil. Based on Box Behnken design, 17 experimental runs were conducted to investigate the effects of extraction time, solvent volume sample weight and their reciprocal interactions on the oil yield. A quadratic polynomial was obtained to predict the oil yield and the ANOVA test showed the model to be significant (p < 0.05).A statistical model predicted the highest oil yield to be 24.402% (w/w), at the optimal condition of sample weight of 59.99 g, solvent volume of 167.57 ml and extraction time of 60 min. Using these optimal factor values in three independent replicates, an average oil content of 24.35% (w/w) was achieved, which was well within the range predicted by the model. The physicochemical properties oil extracted showed the oil to be yellow liquid at room temperature, the refractive index was found to be, 1.4246; the moisture content, 0.015%; specific gravity, 0.884; viscosity, 1.24 P; FFA, 1.25; acid value, 2.50; saponification value, 190.50 (mg KOH/g oil); peroxide value, 1.96 (meq O2/kg oil); iodine value,102.50 (g I2/100g oil); higher heating value, 40.08 (MJ/kg) and cetane no, 51.89. The physicochemical analysis of oil suggested the oil could have important food and industrial applications. The fatty acid profile of the seed oil revealed that the oil was highly unsaturated (72.15%). In addition, the quality of oil extracted under the optimal condition revealed that the oil is edible and could serve as feedstock for many industrial applications. Keywords: Optimization, Chrysophyllum albidium, response surface methodology, fatty acid, physicochemical properties.

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