Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Performance evaluation of coconut fiber ash as mineral filler in asphalt mixture

  • Practice-oriented Paper
  • Published:
View saved research
Innovative Infrastructure Solutions Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Agricultural waste materials are potentially dependable and affordable road construction materials that help to develop sustainable pavements, reducing nuisance waste and minimizing construction costs. To determine the suitability of coconut fiber ash (CFA) for use as a filler in asphaltic concrete, this study evaluates the effects of CFA as a filler on the properties of asphaltic concrete. According to ASTM requirements, tests to ascertain the physical and chemical properties of the bitumen, filler, and fine and coarse aggregate were conducted. Marshall specimens were created using varying percentages of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% of coconut fiber ash. To assess each sample’s effectiveness, six replacement rates of 5.0 to 7.5% at an interval of 0.5% by weight were used to determine the optimum bitumen content (OBC), and volumetric characteristics like flow test, stability, density, and air void in mineral aggregates were studied. It was observed that 15% of CFA filler replacement achieved the best values of OBC at 6.3%, maximum stability at 14.4 KN, flow at 3.8 mm, void filled with bitumen (VFB) at 84.9%, bulk density at 2.55 g/cm3, air void at 4.3%, and lastly marshal quotient value was 3.8 KN/mm which met all the requirement of the standard specification for medium-traffic roads in asphalt mixture. To ensure the optimum performance of the CFA-modified asphalt mixtures, a 15% CFA is recommended.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+
from $39.99 /Month
  • Starting from 10 chapters or articles per month
  • Access and download chapters and articles from more than 300k books and 2,500 journals
  • Cancel anytime
View plans

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, books and news in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.

References

  1. Bieliatynskyi A, Yang S, Krayushkina K, Shao M, Ta M (2022) Study of the possibility of using phosphorous slags in road construction. Eng Sci Technol Int J 36:101262

    Google Scholar 

  2. Choudhary J, Kumar B, Gupta A (2020) Utilization of solid waste materials as alternative fillers in asphalt mixes: a review. Constr Build Mater 234:117271

    Google Scholar 

  3. Tam VW, Soomro M, Evangelista ACJ (2018) A review of recycled aggregate in concrete applications (2000–2017). Constr Build Mater 172:272–292

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Greer F, Thaneya AB, Apte JS, Horvath A (2022) Pavement resurfacing and supply chains are significant contributors to PM2. 5 exposure from road transportation: evidence from the San Francisco Bay Area. Environ Res Lett 17(12):124014

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Praticò FG, Giunta M, Mistretta M, Gulotta TM (2020) Energy and environmental life cycle assessment of sustainable pavement materials and technologies for urban roads. Sustainability 12(2):704

    Google Scholar 

  6. Milad A, Babalghaith AM, Al-Sabaeei AM, Dulaimi A, Ali A, Reddy SS, Yusoff NIM (2022) A comparative review of hot and warm mix asphalt technologies from environmental and economic perspectives: towards a sustainable asphalt pavement. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19(22):14863

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Segui P, Safhi AEM, Amrani M, Benzaazoua M (2023) Mining wastes as road construction material: a review. Minerals 13(1):90

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Soni A, Das PK, Hashmi AW, Yusuf M, Kamyab H, Chelliapan S (2022) Challenges and opportunities of utilizing municipal solid waste as alternative building materials for sustainable development goals: a review. Sustain Chem Pharm 27:100706

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kifile D, Getu N, Mesfin A, Yifru W, Sewunet A (2023) Evaluation of maize cob ash as filler in hot-mix asphalt concrete production. Int J Pavement Res Technol 16(3):592–605

    Google Scholar 

  10. Adeboje AO, Bankole SO, Apata AC, Olawuyi OA, Busari AA (2022) Modification of lateritic soil with selected agricultural waste materials for sustainable road pavement construction. Int J Pavement Res Technol 15(6):1327–1339

    Google Scholar 

  11. Perey R, Benn S, Agarwal R, Edwards M (2018) The place of waste: changing business value for the circular economy. Bus Strateg Environ 27(5):631–642

    Google Scholar 

  12. Nwakaire CM, Yap SP, Onn CC, Yuen CW, Ibrahim HA (2020) Utilization of recycled concrete aggregates for sustainable highway pavement applications; a review. Constr Build Mater 235:117444

    Google Scholar 

  13. Dalhat MA, Osman SA, Mu’azu ND, Alagha O (2022) Utilization of oil sludge as a rejuvenator in hot-mix-asphalt containing reclaimed asphalt concrete. Constr Build Mater 338:127483

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Upadhya A, Thakur MS, Sihag P, Kumar R, Kumar S, Afeeza A, Saleel CA (2023) Modelling and prediction of binder content using the latest intelligent machine learning algorithms in carbon fiber reinforced asphalt concrete. Alex Eng J 65:131–149

    Google Scholar 

  15. Osuya DO, Mohammed H (2017) Evaluation of sawdust ash as a partial replacement for mineral filler in asphaltic concrete. IFE J Sci 19(2):431–440

    Google Scholar 

  16. Oguntayo D, Ogundipe O, Aladegboye O, Ogunkunbi G, Babatunde Y, Aransiola O (2023) Performance evaluation of hospital waste ash-modified asphalt mixtures. Adv Civ Eng 2023:1–7

    Google Scholar 

  17. Choudhary J, Kumar B, Gupta A (2018) Application of waste materials as fillers in bituminous mixes. Waste Manag 78:417–425

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Robert UW, Etuk SE, Agbasi OE, Umoren GP, Inyang NJ (2021) Investigation of thermophysical and mechanical properties of board produced from coconut (Cocos nucifera) leaflet. Environ Technol Innov 24:101869

    Google Scholar 

  19. Tomar R, Jain RK, Kostha MK (2013) Effects of fillers on bituminous paving mixes. Int J Eng Res Sci Technol 2(4):2319–5991

    Google Scholar 

  20. Mistry R, Roy TK (2021) Performance evaluation of bituminous mix and mastic containing rice husk ash and fly ash as filler. Constr Build Mater 268:121187

    Google Scholar 

  21. Fayissa B, Gudina O, Yigezu B (2021) Application of sawdust ash as filler material in asphalt concrete production. Ann Fac Eng Hunedoara 19(1):167–172

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Jia Y, Yang Y, Zhou T, Gao Y, Wang S, Wei Z (2022) Stiffening effect of filler on asphalt mastic composite: a new insight based on nearest surface function. Constr Build Mater 344:128177

    Google Scholar 

  23. EN 1426:2015 (2015) Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of needle penetration. British Standard Institute (BSI), London, UK

    Google Scholar 

  24. IS:1203 (1978) Methods for testing tar and bituminous materials: determination of penetration. Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi, India

    Google Scholar 

  25. ASTM D6 (2018) Standard test method for loss on heating of oil and asphaltic compounds. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  26. IS:1208 (1978) Methods for testing tar and bituminous materials: determination of ductility. Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi, India

    Google Scholar 

  27. ASTM D113-99 (2010) Standard test method for ductility of bituminous materials. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  28. IS:1205 (1978) Methods for testing tar and bituminous materials: determination of softening point. Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi, India

    Google Scholar 

  29. ASTM D36-06 (2010) Standard test method for softening point of bitumen (ring-and-ball apparatus). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  30. ASTM D70-18a (2021) Standard test method for density of semi-solid bituminous materials (pycnometer method). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  31. IS:1206 (Part II) (1978) Methods for testing tar and bituminous materials: determination of viscosity. Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi, India

    Google Scholar 

  32. ASTM D2171-07 (2010) Standard test method for viscosity of asphalts by vacuum capillary viscometer. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  33. EN ISO2592:2017 Petroleum and related products—determination of flash and fire points—Cleveland open cup method (ISO 2592:2017)

  34. ASTM D92 (2018) Standard test method for flash and fire points by Cleveland open cup tester. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  35. ASTM C127-15 (2016) Standard test method for relative density (specific gravity) and absorption of coarse aggregates. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  36. ASTM D5874–16 (2016) Standard test methods for determination of the impact value (IV) of a soil. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  37. ASTM C131-06 (2010) Standard test method for resistance to degradation of small-size coarse aggregate by abrasion and impact in the Los Angeles machine. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  38. ASTM D4719 (2020) Standard test methods for prebored pressuremeter testing in soils. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  39. ASTM-D1559 (1989) Test method for resistance of plastic flow of bituminous mixtures using marshal apparatuzs (Withdrawn 1998). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  40. AASHTO T 245 (2015) Standard method of test for resistance to plastic flow of asphalt mixtures using marshall apparatus. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), Washington, DC, USA

    Google Scholar 

  41. Zainudin MZM, Khairuddin FH, Ng CP, Osmi C, Khadijah S, Misnon N, Murniati S (2016) Effect of sugarcane bagasse ash as filler in hot mix asphalt. Mater Sci Forum 846:683–689

    Google Scholar 

  42. Gunalaan V (2013) Performance on coal bottom Ash in hot mix asphalt. IJRET 2319–1163:24–33

    Google Scholar 

  43. Sebnem S, Mehmet S, Nihat M, Sercan S, Serdal T (2013) Evaluation of rice husk ash as filler in hot mix asphalt concrete. Constr Build Mater 48:390–397

    Google Scholar 

  44. Mistry R, Roy TK (2020) Predicting Marshall stability and flow of bituminous mix containing waste fillers by the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. Rev Constr 19(2):209–219

    Google Scholar 

  45. Siswanto H, Supriyanto B, Pranoto, Chandra PR, and Hakim AR (2017) Marshall properties of asphalt concrete using crumb rubber modified of motorcycle tire waste. In: AIP conference proceedings, vol 1887, pp 020039

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the Federal University of Technology, Akure, and Landmark University Omu-Aran, Kwara State, for the laboratory support throughout this research work.

Funding

No funds, grants, or financial support were received for conducting this study.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Oluwaferanmi Joy Asebiomo, Olumuyiwa Samson Aderinola, Oluwasegun Titiloye have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

    Oluwaferanmi Joy Asebiomo, Olumuyiwa Samson Aderinola & Oluwasegun Titiloye

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria

    Praise Ejigboye

  3. SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities Research Group), Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria

    Praise Ejigboye

Authors
  1. Oluwaferanmi Joy Asebiomo
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Olumuyiwa Samson Aderinola
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Praise Ejigboye
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Oluwasegun Titiloye
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Praise Ejigboye.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

There is no conflict of interest among authors in this manuscript.

Ethical approval

This article does not involve any research involving human participants or animals conducted by any of the authors.

Informed consent

For this particular study, formal consent is not necessary.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Asebiomo, O.J., Aderinola, O.S., Ejigboye, P. et al. Performance evaluation of coconut fiber ash as mineral filler in asphalt mixture. Innov. Infrastruct. Solut. 9, 141 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01449-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Version of record:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01449-x

Keywords